江西省专升本英语阅读理解考点有哪些?
词义猜测题
考点:
①猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义
②对文中的多义词或词组进行定义
③判断某个代词的指代的对象。常见命题形式有∶
1.The underlined word/phrase in the second paragrapn means----'
2.The word "it/they" in the last sentence refers to_-----'
3.The word "..." ( Line 6.para.2 ) probably means--—'
4.The word "..”( Line 6.para.2 ) could best be replaced by which of the following?
5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "...”?
解答技巧:
1.通过因果关系猜词
首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because , as , since , for , so ,thus , as a result , of course等等)表示前因后果。
例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that , for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。
2通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;
二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars ,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。
通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but , while , however等;
二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely , not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at al...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通过构词法猜词
根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词词义。如:She is unlikely to have stolen the money.( "un”含否定意义,故为“不太可能”之意。)
4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如:But sometimes , no rain falls for a long , long time.Then there is a dry period , or drought.从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此可见drought意思为"久旱”,"旱灾".而a dry period和drought是同义语。
这种同义或释义关系常由is , or , that is , in other words , be called或破折号等来表示。
5.通过句法功能来推测词义
例如∶
Bananas , oranges , pineapples , coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。
从句中不难看出pineapples , coconuts和bananas , oranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。